| FR | EN | DE | Definition |
|---|---|---|---|
| biomasse | biomass | Biomasse | Organic matter of plant or animal origin that can be used to produce energy, materials or chemicals. |
| bois-énergie | wood energy | Energieholz | Wood used as fuel, in the form of logs, chips or pellets. |
| plaquette forestière | forest wood chips | Waldhackschnitzel | Wood shredded into small pieces from forest operations, used in automatic boilers. |
| granulé de bois | wood pellet | Holzpellet | Small cylinder of compressed sawdust; a standardised low-moisture fuel. |
| bûche | firewood log | Scheitholz | Piece of split wood cut to length for heating. |
| connexes de scierie | sawmill by-products | Sägenebenprodukte | Sawdust, shavings, bark and offcuts generated when sawing timber. |
| bois en fin de vie | waste wood | Altholz | Wood from used products (packaging, demolition, furniture), recoverable depending on its level of treatment. |
| taillis à courte rotation | short rotation coppice | Kurzumtriebsplantage | Plantation of fast-growing species (willow, poplar) harvested roughly every two to eight years and regrowing from the stump. |
| culture énergétique dédiée | dedicated energy crop | Energiepflanze | Crop grown mainly to produce biomass, often perennial (miscanthus, switchgrass, cup plant). |
| culture intermédiaire à vocation énergétique (CIVE) | intermediate energy crop | Zwischenfrucht zur Energienutzung | Crop sown between two main crops and harvested to feed an anaerobic digester. |
| résidus de culture | crop residues | Ernterückstände | Plant parts left after the main harvest: straw, stalks, chaff. |
| menues pailles | chaff | Spreu | Fine debris (husks, broken straw) discharged by the combine harvester. |
| effluents d'élevage | livestock manure | Wirtschaftsdünger | Solid and liquid manure produced by livestock. |
| biodéchets | biowaste | Bioabfall | Biodegradable food and garden waste. |
| méthanisation | anaerobic digestion | Vergärung | Breakdown of organic matter without oxygen, producing biogas and digestate. |
| biogaz | biogas | Biogas | Gas produced by anaerobic digestion, mainly methane and carbon dioxide. |
| biométhane | biomethane | Biomethan | Biogas upgraded to natural gas quality, suitable for grid injection. |
| digestat | digestate | Gärrest | Residue of anaerobic digestion, used as fertiliser. |
| gazéification | gasification | Vergasung | High-temperature conversion of biomass into a combustible gas with limited oxygen. |
| pyrolyse | pyrolysis | Pyrolyse | Thermal decomposition of biomass without oxygen, producing char, oils and gases. |
| biochar | biochar | Pflanzenkohle | Charcoal from biomass pyrolysis, used in particular as a soil amendment. |
| cogénération | combined heat and power (CHP) | Kraft-Wärme-Kopplung (KWK) | Simultaneous generation of electricity and heat from the same fuel. |
| réseau de chaleur | district heating network | Fernwärmenetz | Network of pipes distributing heat from a central plant to several buildings. |
| chaufferie biomasse | biomass heating plant | Biomasseheizwerk | Heat production facility fuelled by solid biomass. |
| pouvoir calorifique inférieur (PCI) | net calorific value (NCV, LHV) | Heizwert | Energy released by combustion, excluding the heat recovered from condensing water vapour. |
| pouvoir calorifique supérieur (PCS) | gross calorific value (GCV, HHV) | Brennwert | Energy released by combustion, including the heat of condensation of water vapour. |
| matière sèche (MS) | dry matter (DM) | Trockenmasse (TM) | Mass remaining once water is removed; the basis for comparing yields. |
| taux d'humidité | moisture content | Wassergehalt | Share of water in the fuel's wet mass. |
| taux de cendres | ash content | Aschegehalt | Share of mineral residue after complete combustion, relative to dry matter. |
| mètre cube apparent de plaquettes (MAP) | loose cubic metre of chips | Schüttraummeter (Srm) | Volume of one cubic metre filled with loose chips, including voids. |
| stère | stacked cubic metre | Raummeter (Rm) | Volume of one cubic metre of stacked wood, including voids. |
| critères de durabilité | sustainability criteria | Nachhaltigkeitskriterien | Conditions set by the EU Renewable Energy Directive for biomass to be counted and supported. |
| biocarburant avancé | advanced biofuel | fortschrittlicher Biokraftstoff | Biofuel produced from non-food feedstocks listed in EU legislation (residues, waste, lignocellulosic material). |
| bioéconomie | bioeconomy | Bioökonomie | All activities that produce and process renewable biological resources. |
| matériau biosourcé | bio-based material | biobasierter Werkstoff | Material derived wholly or partly from biomass (wood, plant fibres, hemp, straw). |
| miscanthus | miscanthus | Miscanthus (Chinaschilf) | Perennial grass with high biomass yield, harvested every year. |
| silphie perfoliée | cup plant | Durchwachsene Silphie | Yellow-flowered perennial, grown notably for anaerobic digestion. |
The glossary can be downloaded from the Data section.